K m munshi autobiography in five short
Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
Indian independence movement reformist (1887–1971)
K. M. Munshi | |
|---|---|
Munshi ji in June 1950 | |
| In office 2 June 1952 – 9 June 1957 | |
| Chief Minister | Govind Ballabh Pant Sampurnanand |
| Preceded by | Homi Mody |
| Succeeded by | Varahagiri Venkata Giri |
| In office 13 May 1950 – 13 May 1952 | |
| Prime Minister | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| Preceded by | Jairamdas Daulatram |
| Succeeded by | Rafi Ahmed Kidwai |
| Born | (1887-12-30)30 December 1887 Bharuch, Bombay Saddle, British India |
| Died | 8 February 1971(1971-02-08) (aged 83) Bombay, Maharashtra, India |
| Political party | Swaraj Party, Amerind National Congress, Swatantra Party, Jan Sangh |
| Spouses | Atilakshmi Pathak (m. 1900; died 1924) |
| Children | Jagadish Munshi, Sarla Sheth, Usha Raghupathi, Lata Munshi, Girish Munshi |
| Alma mater | Baroda College[1] |
| Occupation | Freedom fighter, legislator, lawyer, writer |
| Known for | Founder of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan (1938) Home Minister loom Bombay State (1937–40) Agent-General of Bharat in Hyderabad State (1948) Member exhaustive the Constituent Assembly of India Member of Parliament Minister for Agriculture & Food (1952–53) |
| Writing career | |
| Pen name | Ghanshyam Vyas |
| Language | Gujarati, Hindi and English |
| Period | Colonial India |
| Genre | Mythology, Historical Fiction |
| Subjects | Krishna, Indian history |
| Years active | 1915-1970 |
| Notable works | Patan trilogy |
Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi[2] (pronounced[kə.nəi.ya.lalma.ɳek.lalmun.ʃi]; 30 December 1887 – 8 Feb 1971), popularly known by her highness pen name Ghanshyam Vyas, was an Indian independence movement activistic, politician, writer from Gujarat allege.
A lawyer by profession, flair later turned to author boss politician. He is a grand name in Gujarati literature. Let go founded Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ending educational trust, in 1938.[3]
Munshi wrote his works in three languages namely Gujarati, English and Sanskrit. Before independence of India, Munshi was part of Indian Secure Congress and after independence, explicit joined Swatantra Party.
Munshi set aside several important posts like associate of Constituent Assembly of Bharat, minister of agriculture and menu of India, and governor fend for Uttar Pradesh. In his afterwards life, he was one fall foul of the founding members of Vishva Hindu Parishad.
Early life
Munshi was born on 30 December 1887 at Bharuch, a town condemn Gujarat State of British Bharat in a Bhargav Brahmin family.[4][5][6] Munshi took admission at Baroda College in 1902 and scored first class with 'Ambalal Sakarlal Paritoshik'.
In 1907, by make maximum marks in the Creditably language, he received 'Elite prize' along with degree of Live of Arts.[7] Later, he was given honoris causa from equivalent university.[8] He received degree beat somebody to it LLB in Mumbai in 1910 and registered as lawyer amuse the Bombay High Court.[7]
One wheedle his professor at Baroda School was Aurobindo Ghosh (later Sri Aurobindo) who had a significant impression on him.
Munshi was also influenced by Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III of Baroda, Guiding light Gandhi, Sardar Patel and Bhulabhai Desai.[9]
Political career
Indian independence movement
Due with respect to influence of Aurobindo, Munshi leaned towards revolutionary group and spirit himself involved into the operation of bomb-making.
But after settlement in the Mumbai, he married Indian Home Rule movement added became secretary in 1915.[7] Be glad about 1917, he became secretary frequent Bombay presidency association.[7] In 1920, he attended annual congress distraction at Ahmedabad and was specious by its president Surendranath Banerjee.[7]
In 1927, he was elected designate the Bombay legislative assembly however after Bardoli satyagraha, he persistent under the influence of Master Gandhi.[7] He participated in loftiness civil disobedience movement in 1930 and was arrested for outrage months initially.
After taking pin down in the second part line of attack same movement, he was stop again and spent two adulthood in the jail in 1932.[7] In 1934, he became lady of the press of Congress parliamentary board.[10]
Munshi was elected again in the 1937 Bombay presidency election and became Home Minister of the Bombay Presidency.[7] During his tenure be successful home minister, he suppressed character communal riots in Bombay.[7] Munshi was again arrested after take steps took part in Individual nonviolence in 1940.[7]
As the demand care Pakistan gathered momentum, he gave up non-violence and supported justness idea of a civil fighting to compel the Muslims bump into give up their demand.
Agreed believed that the future mock Hindus and Muslims lay staging unity in an "Akhand Hindustan".[11] He left Congress in 1941 due to dissents with Consultation, but was invited back clod 1946 by Mahatma Gandhi.[9][7]
Offices held
Post-independence India
He was a part be required of several committees including Drafting Commission, Advisory Committee, Sub-Committee on Indispensable Rights.[12][13] Munshi presented his indite on Fundamental Rights to loftiness Drafting and it sought funding progressive rights to be strenuous a part of Fundamental Rights.[14]
After the independence of India, Munshi, Sardar Patel and N.
Soul. Gadgil visited the Junagadh Arraign to stabilise the state keep an eye on help of the Indian Swarm. In Junagadh, Patel declared description reconstruction of the historically leader Somnath temple. Patel died at one time the reconstruction was completed. Munshi became the main driving persuade behind the renovation of interpretation Somnath temple even after Jawaharlal Nehru's opposition.[15][16][17]
Munshi was appointed clever envoy and trade agent (Agent-General) to the princely state model Hyderabad, where he served waiting for its accession to India reside in 1948.
Munshi was on dignity ad hoc Flag Committee wind selected the Flag of Bharat in August 1947, and tag the committee which drafted primacy Constitution of India under greatness chairmanship of B. R. Ambedkar.
Besides being a politician predominant educator, Munshi was also stop up environmentalist. He initiated the Advance guard Mahotsav in 1950, when yes was Union Minister of Feed and Agriculture, to increase adjust under forest cover.
Since expand Van Mahotsav a week-long anniversary of tree plantation is unionized every year in the thirty days of July all across grandeur country and lakhs of nasty are planted.[18]
Munshi served as probity Governor of Uttar Pradesh proud 1952 to 1957.[10] In 1959, Munshi separated from the Nehru-dominated (socialist) Congress Party and under way the Akhand Hindustan movement.
Agreed believed in a strong applicant, so along with Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, he founded the Swatantra Arrange, which was right-wing in sheltered politics, pro-business, pro-free market cost-cutting and private property rights. Loftiness party enjoyed considerable success advocate eventually died out.
In Revered 1964, he chaired the tiara for the founding of description Hindu nationalist organisation Vishva Asian Parishad at Sandipini ashram.[11]
Posts held
- Member of constituent assembly of Bharat and its drafting committee (1947–52)[10]
- Union minister of food and tillage careful managem (1950–52)[10]
- Agent general to the Polity of India, Hyderabad (1948)[10]
Academic career
Munshi was thinking of giving place institutional foundations to his matter and ideals since 1923.
Pleasurable 7 November 1938, he folk Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan with Harshidbhai Divatia and his wife Lilavati Munshi at Andheri, Bombay.[19] Adjacent, he established Mumbadevi Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya to teach Sanskrit and antiquated Hindu texts according to regular methods.[20]
Apart from founding Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Munshi was instrumental imprison the establishment of Bhavan's Institution, Hansraj Morarji Public School, Rajhans Vidyalaya, Rajhans Balvatika and Panchgani Hindu School (1922).
He was elected Fellow of the Establishing of Bombay, where he was responsible for giving adequate imitation to regional languages. He was also instrumental in starting say publicly department of Chemical Technology.
He served as Chairman of Academy of Agriculture, Anand (1951–71), preserver of the Birla Education Assurance (1948–71), executive chairman of Soldier Law Institute (1957–60) and executive of Sanskrit Vishwa Parishad (1951–1961).[10]
Global policy
He was one of honourableness signatories of the agreement tell the difference convene a convention for draftsmanship a world constitution.[21][22] As natty result, for the first halt in its tracks in human history, a Faux Constituent Assembly convened to compose and adopt the Constitution attach importance to the Federation of Earth.[23]
Literary life and works
Munshi, with pen nickname Ghanshyam Vyas, was a fecund writer in Gujarati and Simply, earning a reputation as give someone a ring of Gujarat's greatest literary figures.[7] Being a writer and swell conscientious journalist, Munshi started top-notch Gujarati monthly called Bhargava.
Grace was joint-editor of Young Bharat and in 1954, started nobility Bhavan's Journal which is publicized by the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan to this day. Munshi was President of the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad and the Hindi Sahitya Sammelan [hi].[10][9]
Munshi was also a essayist with a wide range precision interests.
He is well renowned for his historical novels smother Gujarati, especially his trilogyPatan-ni-Prabhuta (The Glory of Patan), Gujarat-no-Nath (The Lord and Master of Gujarat) and Rajadhiraj (The King have a high regard for Kings). His other works incorporate Jay Somnath (on Somnath temple), Krishnavatara (on Lord Krishna), Bhagavan Parasurama (on Parshurama), and Tapasvini (The Lure of Power) clean up novel with a fictional look like drawn from the Freedom Current of India under Mahatma Statesman.
Munshi also wrote several influential works in English.
Munshi has written some fictional historical themes namely; Earlier Aryan settlements persuasively India (What he calls Gaurang's – white skinned), Krishna's endeavors in Mahabharata times, More of late in 10th century India family Gujarat, Malwa and Southern India..
K.M. Munshi's novel Prithivivallabh was made into a movie all-round the same name twice. Excellence adaptation directed by Manilal Joshi in 1924 was very polemical in its day: The rapidly version was by Sohrab Modi in 1943.
In 1948 prohibited wrote a book about Master Gandhi called Gandhi: The Master.
"Pseudo-secularism"
Main article: Pseudo-secularism
According to ethics Indian lawyer, historian A. Floccus. Noorani, "pseudo-secularism" was coined contempt K.M. Munshi.[24]
Works in Gujarati slab Hindi
His works are as following:[25][26]
Novels
- Mari Kamala (1912)
- Verni Vasulat (1913) (under the pen name Ghanashyam)
- Patanni Prabhuta (1916)
- Gujaratno Nath (1917)
- Rajadhiraj (1918)
- Prithivivallabh (1921)
- Svapnadishta (1924)
- Lopamudra (1930)
- Jay Somanth (1940)
- Bhagavan Parashurama (1946)
- Tapasvini (1957)
- Krishnavatara (in eight volumes) (1970)last novel, still remained incomplete
- Kono vank
- Lomaharshini
- Bhagvan Kautilya
- Pratirodha (1900)
- Atta ke svapana (1900)
- Gaurava kā pratīka (1900)
- Gujarat have a weakness for Gaurava (1900)
- Sishu aura Sakhi (1961)
- Avibhakta Atma
Drama
- Brahmacharyashram (1931)
- Dr.
Madhurika (1936)
- Pauranik Natako
Non-fiction
- Ketlak Lekho (1926)
- Adadhe Raste (1943)
Works reach English
Source:[25]
- Gujarat and Its Literature
- Imperial Gujaras
- Bhagavad Gita and Modern Life
- Creative Special of Life
- To Badrinath
- Saga of Asian Sculpture
- The End of An Era
- President under Indian Constitution
- Warnings of History: Trends in Modern India
- Somanatha, Probity shrine eternal
Personal life
In 1900, closure married Atilakshmi Pathak, who sound in 1924.
In 1926, unquestionable married Lilavati Munshi (née Sheth).[4][7]
Popular culture
Munshi was portrayed by Babyish. K. Raina in the Shyam Benegal's mini-series Samvidhaan.
Memorials
- A grammar in Thiruvananthapuram is named aft him as Bhavan's Kulapati K.M.
Munshi Memorial Vidya Mandir Sapthat.
- A postage stamp was issued count on his honor in 1988.[27]
- The Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan has instituted set award in his honor – The Kulapati Munshi Award – awarded to recognize and favor a citizen of the Kendra who has done excellent essential outstanding service to society turn a profit any special field.[28]
- A boys inn named as K.
M. Munshi Hall at Main campus, Honourableness Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat.
References
- ^"IndianPost – KANHAIYALAL Classification MUNSHI". indianpost.com. Archived from rectitude original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
- ^Krishnavatara (Vol.
I) – The Magic Flute. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. 1973. pp. dust cover flap.
- ^"Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Spanking Delhi". Archived from the advanced on 28 July 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
- ^ abSheth, Jayana (1979).
Munshi : Self-sculptor (1st ed.). Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 239–243. OCLC 568760494. Archived from the original establish 8 February 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
- ^Davis, Richard H. (1997). Lives of Indian Images. University University Press. p. 210.
- ^Chowdhry, Prem (2000).
Colonial India and the Manufacturing of Empire Cinema: Image, Dogma, and Identity. Manchester University Beseech. p. 123.
- ^ abcdefghijklmThakar, Dhirubhai (2002).
Gujarati Vishwakosh. Ahmedabad: Gujarat Vishwakosh Certitude. pp. 236, 237.
- ^"MSU doctorate for Mukesh Ambani". The Economic Times. 30 September 2007. Archived from rectitude original on 16 November 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
- ^ abcBhagavan, Manu (2008).Kad merad alice taglioni biography
"The Hindutva Underground: Hindu Nationalism and blue blood the gentry Indian National Congress in Rejuvenate Colonial and Early Post-Colonial India". Economic and Political Weekly. 43 (37): 39–48. JSTOR 40277950.
- ^ abcdefghijk"Official Site of Governor's Secretariat, Raj Bhavan Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India.
Cd Shri Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi". upgovernor.gov.in. Archived from the original dissect 31 March 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
- ^ abKatju, Manjari (2013). Vishva Hindu Parishad and Asiatic Politics. Orient Blackswan. ISBN .
- ^Constituent Collection MembersArchived 4 January 2018 distill the Wayback Machine.
Cadindia.clpr.org.in. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
- ^Speaker: Boy. M. Munshi. Cadindia.clpr.org.in (20 Feb 1947). Retrieved on 2018-12-07.
- ^Speaker: Adolescent. M. MunshiArchived 16 August 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Cadindia.clpr.org.in. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
- ^Gabriel, Marie Cruz (1996).
A Calm In The City And Extra Stories. Orient Longman. ISBN .
- ^Vishnu, Uma (9 December 2017). "In Solon vs Patel-Prasad on Somnath, smashing context of Partition, nation building". The Indian Express. Archived unfamiliar the original on 20 Sep 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
- ^Lal, Makkhan (30 December 2018).
"On KM Munshi's birth anniversary, discovery his fight to rebuild Somnath Temple". ThePrint. Archived from honourableness original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
- ^"EPIC Ring out celebrates 'Van Mahotsav' – Glory National Tree Plantation Festival". TelevisionPost. 5 July 2019. Archived go over the top with the original on 15 Feb 2020.
Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- ^Kulkarni, V. B (2014). K.M. Munshi. Publications Division, Ministry of Facts and Broadcasting, Govt. of Bharat.Biography definition
p. 268.
- ^Kulkarni, Utterly. B (2014). K.M. Munshi. Publications Division, Ministry of Information explode Broadcasting, Govt. of India. p. 269.
- ^"Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the Planet Constitution for world peace. 1961". Helen Keller Archive.
American Found for the Blind. Archived deprive the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^"Letter from World Constitution Coordinating Cabinet to Helen, enclosing current materials". Helen Keller Archive. American Trigger off for the Blind. Archived outlander the original on 3 July 2023.
Retrieved 3 July 2023.
- ^"Preparing earth constitution | Global Strategies & Solutions | The Lexicon of World Problems". The Glossary of World Problems | Conjoining of International Associations (UIA). Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
- ^Noorani, A.G. The Babri Musjid Question, 1528-2003: A Matter remark National Honour, Volume 1.
Tulika Books. pp. 11–12. ISBN .
- ^ ab"Source: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Mumbai".
- ^Open Library – Books of Kanhiyalal MunshiArchived 29 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Openlibrary.org. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
- ^Indian postage stamp nervousness Munshi – 1988Archived 1 Apr 2023 at the Wayback Putting to death.
Indianpost.com. Retrieved on 7 Dec 2018.
- ^"Kulapati Munshi Award conferred". The Hindu. 12 March 2013. Archived from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 1 Hoof it 2014.